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Marrazzi AS.
“The action of psychotogens and a neurophysiological theory of hallucination.”.
Amer. J. Psychiat.. 1960;116:911.
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Abstract
Disturbances of perception originate in discrepancy between new impressions and conceptions which are present as engrams in the brain. If the impression is caused by endogenic factors, it is described as a hallucination otherwise as an illusion. . The comparison of the new material with the material already at hand is complicated by a disturbance of the equilibrium between those influences which enhance central synaptic transmission and those which inhibit it. LSD and other hallucinogenic drugs inhibit transmission of stimuli in axodendritic synapses and thus disturb the equilibrium. . Such an inhibitory effect was proved for LSD on the transcallosal (cortico-cortical) connections of the visual cortex and its connections with the association centers. On the other hand, LSD enhances the (axosomatic) transmission of impulses in the specific sensory pathways (for the visual pathway in the lateral geniculate body). However this enhancement is actually due to blockade of axodendritic synapses in a tract which goes back from the cortical visual area to the geniculate body. Inhibitory impulses "(feed back") pass along this tract. Thus facilitation of axosomatic transmission of impulses by LSD is really a "release" phenomenon via blockade of axodendritic transmission of inhibitory impulses. . Facilitation of transmission in the geniculate body enhances the influx of impulses while their processing (association with present material) is impeded. Thereby the basis for sensory illusion if given. . (See 78, 151, 152, 181, 184, 191, 302, 304, 425, 511)
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