Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 7098 : Is this urine really negative? A systematic review of tampering methods in urine drug screening and testing : Jaffee WB, Trucco E, Levy S, Weiss RD

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Jaffee WB, Trucco E, Levy S, Weiss RD. “Is this urine really negative? A systematic review of tampering methods in urine drug screening and testing”. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2007 Jul 25;33(1):33-42. <a name="ref">Jaffee WB, Trucco E, Levy S, Weiss RD.</a> <a href="/references/7098">"Is this urine really negative? A systematic review of tampering methods in urine drug screening and testing"</a> <i>J Subst Abuse Treat</i>. 2007 Jul 25;33(1):33-42.
Text Abstract (this page) Full Text - English (private) Show Articles by Jaffee WB Trucco E Levy S Weiss RD Article IDs Erowid RefID: 7098 PubMedID: 17588487 Collections Hofmann Collection MDMA Collection All References	Abstract Adulterants and urine substitutes that are designed to defeat drug tests are readily available and can be easily researched or purchased over the Internet. Utilizing Google, PsychInfo, and Medline, we searched the Internet and psychiatric and medical literature to identify a comprehensive list of products, compounds, and methods of urine tampering, as well as data on their efficacy. These products, compounds, and methods are described, and literature on their effectiveness in masking drug use is reviewed. Additionally, we identify and review methods for detecting tampering of urine screens and tests. It is recommended that clinicians and researchers involved in urine drug screening and testing consider the possibility of tampering when designing treatment programs and research protocols and employ methods to detect its occurrence when appropriate.
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