Erowid References Database
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Stahl PW.
“The hallucinogenic basis of early Valdivia phase ceramic bowl iconography”.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1985 Apr-Jun 30;17(2):105-23.
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Abstract
Nearly three decades ago, early evidence of a bold and vibrant prehistoric artistic tradition in the western lowlands of Ecuador was first uncovered. Subsequent research, which established the Valdivia culture as one of the earliest ceramic complexes in the New World, generated a great deal of scholarly debate and speculation. The results of recent studies focused on understanding economic, social and cosmological aspects of Valdivia life have suggested that probably as early as the mid-fourth millennium B.C., sizable, formally arranged, ceramic producing agricultural communities were colonizing
tracts of arable bottom land in western Ecuador. Numerous lines of evidence have been cited to suggest that these early formative-stage villagers shared in a cultural system
analogous to the ethnographically documented tropical forest cultures of South America (Zeidler 1984; Stahl 1983; Raymond, Marcos & Lathrap 1980; Damp 1979; Lathrap, Marcos & Zeidler 1977; Marcos, Lathrap & Zeidler 1976; Lathrap, Collier & Chandra 1975; Lathrap 1974: 130, 1970: 67).
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